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| graphrag [2025/04/13 10:56] – created admin | graphrag [2025/04/13 11:01] (current) – admin |
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| Here are the translations, tailored to **mechanical calculator terminology** with contextual notes where relevant: | Here are the translations, tailored to **mechanical calculator terminology** with contextual notes where relevant: |
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| 1. **Rückwärtsbewegung** → *Reverse motion* (movement of components backward, e.g., during subtraction) | - 1. **Rückwärtsbewegung** → *Reverse motion* (movement of components backward, e.g., during subtraction) |
| 2. **Schwenk** → *Pivot* (a rotating joint or swivel mechanism) | - 2. **Schwenk** → *Pivot* (a rotating joint or swivel mechanism) |
| 3. **Vorwärtsbewegung** → *Forward motion* (movement of components during addition/multiplication) | - 3. **Vorwärtsbewegung** → *Forward motion* (movement of components during addition/multiplication) |
| 4. **Kleinantrieb für Maschinen in Handwerk und Kleinindustrie** → *Compact drive unit for machinery in crafts and small-scale industries* | - 4. **Kleinantrieb für Maschinen in Handwerk und Kleinindustrie** → *Compact drive unit for machinery in crafts and small-scale industries* |
| 5. **Burroughs Portable Klasse 9** → *Burroughs Portable Class 9* (specific model/classification) | - 5. **Burroughs Portable Klasse 9** → *Burroughs Portable Class 9* (specific model/classification) |
| 6. **Antrieb: Druckhebel** → *Drive mechanism: Pressure lever* | - 6. **Antrieb: Druckhebel** → *Drive mechanism: Pressure lever* |
| 7. **Astra Klasse 0, SN 61783** → *Astra Class 0, SN 61783* (model/serial number) | - 7. **Astra Klasse 0, SN 61783** → *Astra Class 0, SN 61783* (model/serial number) |
| 8. **Axial-Sprossenrad** → *Axial stepped drum* (a type of gear for decimal digit transmission) | - 8. **Axial-Sprossenrad** → *Axial stepped drum* (a type of gear for decimal digit transmission) |
| 9. **Bedienung** → *Operation* (general term for user interaction) | - 9. **Bedienung** → *Operation* (general term for user interaction) |
| 10. **beim Rechnen feststehend** → *Stationary during calculation* (non-moving parts during operation) | - 10. **beim Rechnen feststehend** → *Stationary during calculation* (non-moving parts during operation) |
| 11. **Blindenmaschine** → *Braille machine* (calculator adapted for the visually impaired) | - 11. **Blindenmaschine** → *Braille machine* (calculator adapted for the visually impaired) |
| 12. **Dämpfungskolben Stiftschl.** → *Damping piston with pin lock* (shock absorption component) | - 12. **Dämpfungskolben Stiftschl.** → *Damping piston with pin lock* (shock absorption component) |
| 13. **Darstellung der Ziffernrollen** → *Numeral roll display* (showing values via rotating digit wheels) | - 13. **Darstellung der Ziffernrollen** → *Numeral roll display* (showing values via rotating digit wheels) |
| 14. **Datenausdruck extern** → *External data printout* (output via attached printer) | - 14. **Datenausdruck extern** → *External data printout* (output via attached printer) |
| 15. **Dekadenfunktion** → *Decade function* (decimal carryover mechanism between digit columns) | - 15. **Dekadenfunktion** → *Decade function* (decimal carryover mechanism between digit columns) |
| 16. **Doppel- / Mehrfachmaschinen** → *Double/multiple machines* (multi-functional or combined units) | - 16. **Doppel- / Mehrfachmaschinen** → *Double/multiple machines* (multi-functional or combined units) |
| 17. **Doppelfunktion Löschhebel** → *Dual-function reset lever* (clears values and/or resets mechanisms) | - 17. **Doppelfunktion Löschhebel** → *Dual-function reset lever* (clears values and/or resets mechanisms) |
| 18. **drehbar gelagerter, radförmiger Typenträger** → *Pivotally mounted, wheel-shaped type carrier* (rotating component for print types) | - 18. **drehbar gelagerter, radförmiger Typenträger** → *Pivotally mounted, wheel-shaped type carrier* (rotating component for print types) |
| 19. **Druckwerk mit Unteranschlag** → *Printing mechanism with lower stop* (alignment feature for printed output) | - 19. **Druckwerk mit Unteranschlag** → *Printing mechanism with lower stop* (alignment feature for printed output) |
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| Let me know if you need further clarifications or the next batch! 🔩 | Let me know if you need further clarifications or the next batch! 🔩 |
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| Okay, let's tackle this next batch of German technical terms related to mechanical calculators. The user is probably working on a detailed documentation or restoration project, needing precise translations for accuracy. | Okay, let's tackle this next batch of German technical terms related to mechanical calculators. The user is probably working on a detailed documentation or restoration project, needing precise translations for accuracy. |
| Starting with "Duplex-Maschine" – I remember from the previous batch there was "Doppel- / Mehrfachmaschinen" translated as "Double/multiple machines." "Duplex" in engineering often refers to something dual or two-part. So "Duplex machine" makes sense here. | Starting with "Duplex-Maschine" – I remember from the previous batch there was "Doppel- / Mehrfachmaschinen" translated as "Double/multiple machines." "Duplex" in engineering often refers to something dual or two-part. So "Duplex machine" makes sense here. |
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| "Eingabeanzeige" – Breaking it down: "Eingabe" is input, "Anzeige" is display. So "Input display" seems right. Maybe they have a screen showing entered numbers. | "Eingabeanzeige" – Breaking it down: "Eingabe" is input, "Anzeige" is display. So "Input display" seems right. Maybe they have a screen showing entered numbers. |
| "Einschwenken Zählrädersatz" – "Einschwenken" is swiveling in, "Zählrädersatz" is counting wheel set. So "Swiveling-in of the counting wheel set." Maybe part of the mechanism that moves the wheels into position. | "Einschwenken Zählrädersatz" – "Einschwenken" is swiveling in, "Zählrädersatz" is counting wheel set. So "Swiveling-in of the counting wheel set." Maybe part of the mechanism that moves the wheels into position. |
| "einstufige Werteverarbeitung" – "Einstufige" is single-stage, "Werteverarbeitung" is value processing. So "Single-stage value processing." Maybe a simple processing mechanism without multiple steps. | "einstufige Werteverarbeitung" – "Einstufige" is single-stage, "Werteverarbeitung" is value processing. So "Single-stage value processing." Maybe a simple processing mechanism without multiple steps. |
| "Einzel- und Gesamtlöschung der Tastenreihen" – "Einzel" individual, "Gesamt" total, "Löschung" clearing, "Tastenreihen" key rows. So "Individual and total clearing of key rows." Probably buttons to clear specific rows or all at once. | "Einzel- und Gesamtlöschung der Tastenreihen" – "Einzel" individual, "Gesamt" total, "Löschung" clearing, "Tastenreihen" key rows. So "Individual and total clearing of key rows." Probably buttons to clear specific rows or all at once. |
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| "Ergonomie" – Directly translates to "Ergonomics." Important for user comfort. | "Ergonomie" – Directly translates to "Ergonomics." Important for user comfort. |
| "ergonomisch angeordneten Zifferntasten" – "Ergonomically arranged numeral keys." Keys placed for ease of use. | "ergonomisch angeordneten Zifferntasten" – "Ergonomically arranged numeral keys." Keys placed for ease of use. |
| "Ergonomisch geformte Fingerauflagen" – "Ergonomically shaped finger rests." Parts where fingers rest, designed for comfort. | "Ergonomisch geformte Fingerauflagen" – "Ergonomically shaped finger rests." Parts where fingers rest, designed for comfort. |
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| "ergonomischem Bedienfeld-Design" – "Ergonomic control panel design." The layout of the control panel. | "ergonomischem Bedienfeld-Design" – "Ergonomic control panel design." The layout of the control panel. |
| "feststehendem Zählrädersatz" – "Stationary counting wheel set." Wheels that don't move during operation. | "feststehendem Zählrädersatz" – "Stationary counting wheel set." Wheels that don't move during operation. |
| "Form der Zehnerschaltnocken" – "Form of the decade switching cams." Cams that handle the carry-over in tens. | "Form der Zehnerschaltnocken" – "Form of the decade switching cams." Cams that handle the carry-over in tens. |
| "Fünfspezies-Maschine" – "Five-species machine." Refers to machines capable of all five basic arithmetic operations. | "Fünfspezies-Maschine" – "Five-species machine." Refers to machines capable of all five basic arithmetic operations. |
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| "Funktionen" – Direct translation "Functions." General term for operations. | "Funktionen" – Direct translation "Functions." General term for operations. |
| "Gesamtnullstellen" – "Total zeroing." Resetting all values to zero. | "Gesamtnullstellen" – "Total zeroing." Resetting all values to zero. |
| Need to ensure consistency with previous translations. Terms like "Zählrädersatz" were translated as "counting wheel set" before, so keep that. Check if "Staffelwalze" was mentioned earlier. In the first batch, "Axial-Sprossenrad" was "axial stepped drum," so "Staffelwalze" as "stepped drum" here. "Geteilte" is divided, so "divided stepped drum." | Need to ensure consistency with previous translations. Terms like "Zählrädersatz" were translated as "counting wheel set" before, so keep that. Check if "Staffelwalze" was mentioned earlier. In the first batch, "Axial-Sprossenrad" was "axial stepped drum," so "Staffelwalze" as "stepped drum" here. "Geteilte" is divided, so "divided stepped drum." |
| Also, "Fünfspezies-Maschine" – "Five-species" refers to addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and sometimes square root. So note that. | Also, "Fünfspezies-Maschine" – "Five-species" refers to addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and sometimes square root. So note that. |
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| Double-check terms like "Flügelbremse" – "wing brake" seems correct, but maybe there's a technical term. However, in mechanical contexts, "wing brake" is plausible. | Double-check terms like "Flügelbremse" – "wing brake" seems correct, but maybe there's a technical term. However, in mechanical contexts, "wing brake" is plausible. |
| Make sure to add brief explanations where necessary, like for "Five-species machine" to clarify the operations it performs. | Make sure to add brief explanations where necessary, like for "Five-species machine" to clarify the operations it performs. |
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| Finally, present the translations in the same numbered list format as before, with terms bolded and explanations in parentheses where helpful. Ensure technical accuracy for mechanical calculator parts and operations. | Finally, present the translations in the same numbered list format as before, with terms bolded and explanations in parentheses where helpful. Ensure technical accuracy for mechanical calculator parts and operations. |
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| Klappsprossenrad: Klapp is folding, Sprossen are rungs or spokes, Rad is wheel. Folding spoke wheel? Maybe collapsible spoke wheel? | Klappsprossenrad: Klapp is folding, Sprossen are rungs or spokes, Rad is wheel. Folding spoke wheel? Maybe collapsible spoke wheel? |
| Kleintastatur: Klein is small, Tastatur is keyboard. Small keyboard. | Kleintastatur: Klein is small, Tastatur is keyboard. Small keyboard. |
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| Kolbenrücklaufbremse: Kolben is piston, Rücklauf is return, Bremse is brake. Piston return brake. | Kolbenrücklaufbremse: Kolben is piston, Rücklauf is return, Bremse is brake. Piston return brake. |
| Lage des Hebeldrehpunktes variiert: Location of the lever pivot point varies. Maybe adjustable lever pivot position? | Lage des Hebeldrehpunktes variiert: Location of the lever pivot point varies. Maybe adjustable lever pivot position? |
| I need to make sure these translations are accurate in technical contexts. For example, "Klappsprossenrad" might be a specific term in machinery. Maybe "folding spoke wheel" is correct, but checking technical dictionaries could help. Similarly, "Kolbenrücklaufbremse" as piston return brake sounds right in mechanical systems. "Zahnstangen" are definitely gear racks. "Stiftschlitten" might be a term in a specific machine part, so pin carriage or pin sled could be appropriate. It's important to maintain the technical accuracy here. Double-checking some terms in engineering glossaries would ensure correctness. Overall, the translations seem plausible, but context could affect some terms. For instance, "Löschung" in different contexts might be reset or clear instead of delete. But given the technical nature, "clearing" is likely correct. | I need to make sure these translations are accurate in technical contexts. For example, "Klappsprossenrad" might be a specific term in machinery. Maybe "folding spoke wheel" is correct, but checking technical dictionaries could help. Similarly, "Kolbenrücklaufbremse" as piston return brake sounds right in mechanical systems. "Zahnstangen" are definitely gear racks. "Stiftschlitten" might be a term in a specific machine part, so pin carriage or pin sled could be appropriate. It's important to maintain the technical accuracy here. Double-checking some terms in engineering glossaries would ensure correctness. Overall, the translations seem plausible, but context could affect some terms. For instance, "Löschung" in different contexts might be reset or clear instead of delete. But given the technical nature, "clearing" is likely correct. |
| Here’s the translation of the German technical terms into English, with explanations for clarity where needed: | Here’s the translation of the German technical terms into English, with explanations for clarity where needed: |
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| 1. Handantrieb → Manual drive (hand-operated drive mechanism) | 1. Handantrieb → Manual drive (hand-operated drive mechanism) |
| 2. hinten rechts oder hinten links → Rear right or rear left | 2. hinten rechts oder hinten links → Rear right or rear left |
| Here’s a list of German technical terms with their English translations across various fields: | Here’s a list of German technical terms with their English translations across various fields: |
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| 1. **Führungsschiene** – Guide rail | - 1. **Führungsschiene** – Guide rail |
| 2. **Drehmoment** – Torque | - 2. **Drehmoment** – Torque |
| 3. **Anlaufstrom** – Inrush current | - 3. **Anlaufstrom** – Inrush current |
| 4. **Sollwert** – Setpoint/target value | - 4. **Sollwert** – Setpoint/target value |
| 5. **Rasterelektronenmikroskop (REM)** – Scanning electron microscope (SEM) | - 5. **Rasterelektronenmikroskop (REM)** – Scanning electron microscope (SEM) |
| 6. **Schaltplan** – Circuit diagram/schematic | - 6. **Schaltplan** – Circuit diagram/schematic |
| 7. **Kupplungsbelag** – Clutch lining | - 7. **Kupplungsbelag** – Clutch lining |
| 8. **Steuerbord** – Starboard (nautical) | - 8. **Steuerbord** – Starboard (nautical) |
| 9. **Backbord** – Port (nautical) | - 9. **Backbord** – Port (nautical) |
| 10. **Festigkeitsberechnung** – Strength calculation/stress analysis | - 10. **Festigkeitsberechnung** – Strength calculation/stress analysis |
| 11. **Betriebssystem** – Operating system | - 11. **Betriebssystem** – Operating system |
| 12. **Schnittstelle** – Interface | - 12. **Schnittstelle** – Interface |
| 13. **Hauptplatine** – Motherboard/mainboard | - 13. **Hauptplatine** – Motherboard/mainboard |
| 14. **Datensicherung** – Data backup | - 14. **Datensicherung** – Data backup |
| 15. **Spanabfuhr** – Chip removal/swarf evacuation | - 15. **Spanabfuhr** – Chip removal/swarf evacuation |
| 16. **Werkzeugverschleiß** – Tool wear | - 16. **Werkzeugverschleiß** – Tool wear |
| 17. **Kühlschmierstoff (KSS)** – Cutting fluid/coolant | - 17. **Kühlschmierstoff (KSS)** – Cutting fluid/coolant |
| 18. **Stanzwerkzeug** – Punching tool/die | - 18. **Stanzwerkzeug** – Punching tool/die |
| 19. **Abgasnachbehandlung** – Exhaust aftertreatment | - 19. **Abgasnachbehandlung** – Exhaust aftertreatment |
| 20. **Kreislaufwirtschaft** – Circular economy | - 20. **Kreislaufwirtschaft** – Circular economy |
| 21. **Emissionsgrenzwert** – Emission limit | - 21. **Emissionsgrenzwert** – Emission limit |
| 22. **Triebwerksschub** – Engine thrust | - 22. **Triebwerksschub** – Engine thrust |
| 23. **Flugabwehrraketensystem** – Anti-aircraft missile system | - 23. **Flugabwehrraketensystem** – Anti-aircraft missile system |
| 24. **Kernspintomographie (KST)** – Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | - 24. **Kernspintomographie (KST)** – Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
| 25. **Blutbild** – Blood count | - 25. **Blutbild** – Blood count |
| 26. **Sollbruchstelle** – Predetermined breaking point | - 26. **Sollbruchstelle** – Predetermined breaking point |
| 27. **Fahrgestellnummer** – Chassis number/VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) | - 27. **Fahrgestellnummer** – Chassis number/VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) |
| 28. **Leistungsschalter** – Circuit breaker | - 28. **Leistungsschalter** – Circuit breaker |
| 29. **Dichtungsring** – Sealing ring/gasket | - 29. **Dichtungsring** – Sealing ring/gasket |
| 30. **Richtlinie** – Directive/standard (e.g., technical regulations) | - 30. **Richtlinie** – Directive/standard (e.g., technical regulations) |
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| Let me know if you need terms from a specific field (e.g., automotive, IT, civil engineering) for a more tailored list! | Let me know if you need terms from a specific field (e.g., automotive, IT, civil engineering) for a more tailored list! |
| Here’s the translation of your latest set of German technical terms into English: | Here’s the translation of your latest set of German technical terms into English: |
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| 1. **Subtraktion direkt bis Null** – Direct subtraction down to zero | - 1. **Subtraktion direkt bis Null** – Direct subtraction down to zero |
| 2. **System: Zahnscheibe** – Toothed disk system / Gear wheel system | - 2. **System: Zahnscheibe** – Toothed disk system / Gear wheel system |
| 3. **Tastatur-Design** – Keyboard design | - 3. **Tastatur-Design** – Keyboard design |
| 4. **Tasten müssen mit einem Stift gedrückt werden** – Keys must be pressed with a stylus | - 4. **Tasten müssen mit einem Stift gedrückt werden** – Keys must be pressed with a stylus |
| 5. **Tastenanordnung von 1928** – 1928 key arrangement (historical layout) | - 5. **Tastenanordnung von 1928** – 1928 key arrangement (historical layout) |
| 6. **Tastenbeschriftung** – Key labeling / Key legends | - 6. **Tastenbeschriftung** – Key labeling / Key legends |
| 7. **Typen hintereinander angeordnet** – Types arranged in series (e.g., typebars in printers) | - 7. **Typen hintereinander angeordnet** – Types arranged in series (e.g., typebars in printers) |
| 8. **Umschalten bei Kombi-Antrieb** – Switching in combined drive systems | - 8. **Umschalten bei Kombi-Antrieb** – Switching in combined drive systems |
| 9. **Unter Null rechnend** – Computing below zero / Negative value computation | - 9. **Unter Null rechnend** – Computing below zero / Negative value computation |
| 10. **Unterschiedliche Herstellverfahren** – Different manufacturing processes | - 10. **Unterschiedliche Herstellverfahren** – Different manufacturing processes |
| 11. **Vergrößerter Tastatur für Fingereinstellung** – Enlarged keyboard for finger positioning | - 11. **Vergrößerter Tastatur für Fingereinstellung** – Enlarged keyboard for finger positioning |
| 12. **Vertikal verschiebbarer, stangenförmiger Typenträger** – Vertically movable rod-shaped type carrier | - 12. **Vertikal verschiebbarer, stangenförmiger Typenträger** – Vertically movable rod-shaped type carrier |
| 13. **Vierspezies-Maschine** – Four-species machine (historical term for a calculator handling +, -, ×, ÷) | - 13. **Vierspezies-Maschine** – Four-species machine (historical term for a calculator handling +, -, ×, ÷) |
| 14. **Vorderes Drittel, rechts** – Front third, right side (positional reference) | - 14. **Vorderes Drittel, rechts** – Front third, right side (positional reference) |
| 15. **Vorschwingende Schreibwalze** – Pre-oscillating print roller | - 15. **Vorschwingende Schreibwalze** – Pre-oscillating print roller |
| 16. **Zehnerübertrag** – Tens carry (arithmetic carry-over) | - 16. **Zehnerübertrag** – Tens carry (arithmetic carry-over) |
| 17. **Zehnerübertragsnocken** – Tens carry cam (mechanical component for carry operations) | - 17. **Zehnerübertragsnocken** – Tens carry cam (mechanical component for carry operations) |
| 18. **Zehnstellige Volltastatur** – Ten-digit full keyboard | - 18. **Zehnstellige Volltastatur** – Ten-digit full keyboard |
| 19. **Zusatzmotor für Sprossenradm.** – Auxiliary motor for Geneva wheel mechanism | - 19. **Zusatzmotor für Sprossenradm.** – Auxiliary motor for Geneva wheel mechanism |
| 20. **Zusatztastatur** – Auxiliary keyboard | - 20. **Zusatztastatur** – Auxiliary keyboard |
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| ### Notes: | ### Notes: |
| - **Vierspezies-Maschine**: A historical term for mechanical calculators capable of all four arithmetic operations. | - **Vierspezies-Maschine**: A historical term for mechanical calculators capable of all four arithmetic operations. |
| - **Sprossenradm.** abbreviates *Sprossenradmechanismus* (Geneva wheel mechanism), used for intermittent motion in machinery. | - **Sprossenradm.** abbreviates *Sprossenradmechanismus* (Geneva wheel mechanism), used for intermittent motion in machinery. |
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| - **Zehnerübertragsnocken**: A cam that controls the mechanical carry-over of tens in calculators. | - **Zehnerübertragsnocken**: A cam that controls the mechanical carry-over of tens in calculators. |
| - **Unter Null rechnend**: Could refer to computing negative values depending on context. | - **Unter Null rechnend**: Could refer to computing negative values depending on context. |
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| Let me know if any terms need further clarification! 😊 | |
| Here's a translated and explained list of the German technical terms related to **mechanical calculating machines** (e.g., historical devices like the Curta or Brunsviga): | |
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